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Last updated on - March 23, 2018, 3:04 PM IST
Today, on World Down Syndrome day, you must be made aware of the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis and treatment fof this disease. Down syndrome occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome. This additional genetic material alters the course of development and causes the characteristics associated with Down syndrome.
There are three types of Down syndrome. T21 is the most common. All cells have an extra chromosome. Translocation Down syndrome, when part of chromosome 21 becomes attached onto another chromosome. Mosaic Down syndrome, where only some cells have an extra chromosome, but other cells in the body are typical.
30%-50% of individuals with Down syndrome have heart defects and 8%-12% have gastrointestinal tract abnormalities present at birth. Most of these defects are now correctable by surgery.
All people with Down syndrome experience cognitive delays, but the effect is usually mild to moderate and is not indicative of the many strengths and talents that each individual possesses.
Siblings of kids with Down syndrome are not affected negatively; on the contrary, most siblings report that their relationships are one of the greatest gifts in their lives.
A few of the common physical traits of Down syndrome are: low muscle tone, small stature, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of the palm.
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